Quote: (03-25-2016 07:37 AM)Pride male Wrote:
Has anyone read the Blind Watchmaker? Thoughts?
In essence it's a book-length discussion of evolution and a book-length straw man.
He spends most of the book basically recapitulating Darwin and thrashing to death the analogy of the watchmaker, which was proposed 50 years
before Charles Darwin and which was a flawed argument by reason of its premises and analogy
ab initio, not because of the triumphant theory of evolution.
Not to mention a couple of Dawkins' conclusions reach rather further than he's qualified to do. Again, Dawkins is a biologist, not a philosopher. Rather than restrict evolution to Darwin's view -- that natural selection, rather than divine design, was the best explanation for gradual change in populations over many generations -- he goes on to reach for genes as carrying, in effect, the entire meaning of existence. He commits the same sin that he flays many religions for: he proposes that he has found a single, universal truth that explains existence.
It's the same viewpoint as espoused in
The Selfish Gene, same old modernist science as Pavlovian behaviourism, and neither satisfactorily explain altruism with any of the sort testable rigour as, say, the law of gravity. Or many other non-survival-based behaviours. Human beings keep doing inconvenient things for the theory like being kind to people outside their family, community, race, or even species.
Dawkins demonstrates his limitations philosophically when he attacks the straw man of the watchmaker analogy by suggesting that it implies that the watch's creator must necessarily be more complex than the watch, and therefore that God must be infinitely complex himself to have created the universe. Design is top-down; therefore the designer is more complex than the created item.
Two objections to that attack on the straw man (aside from the fact that, y'know, it's a straw man):
(1) If a creator must be forever be more complex than its creation, then by definition humanity will never have anything to fear from artificial intelligence. An artificial intelligence will never become more complex than the human brain and therefore never any smarter than a human being. The contrary is true: many physicists and computer scientists alike are afraid of artificial intelligence precisely because they fear it
will become superior to its creator, and Moore's Law all but predicts a computer's complexity and power will surpass that of humanity within the next hundred years.
(2) Dawkins makes the same mistake as Paley: he analogises. Hume attacked both Paley and by extension Dawkins for the form of the argument back in the 1700s, well before Darwin's voyage: Hume notes that we have no experience of world making. Hume highlighted the fact that everything we claim to know the cause of, we have derived these inductions from previous experiences of similar objects being created, or seen the object itself being created ourselves. For example, with a watch we know it has to be created by a watch-maker because we can observe it being made and compare it to the making of other similar watches or objects to deduce they have alike causes in their creation. However, he argues that we have no experience of the universe's creation, or any other universe's creations to compare our own universe to, and never will. (The most powerful radio telescope giving us echoes of the Big Bang will not alleviate this, either: a goldfish cannot ever observe what the fishbowl looked like before water was poured into it or the fish put into the water.)
This is a flaw in Dawkins' argument as well because of his assumption that a creator must always be of greater complexity than its creation; it is an utterly meaningless proposal because there is no way of testing that thesis.
Only literal creationists still resort to the Watchmaker Analogy, because it's an argument for directly observable intelligent design, which is Dawkins' real target. No thinking Christian for roughly two hundred years has used that argument as a support for his faith.
Remissas, discite, vivet.
God save us from people who mean well. -storm