As for the economic arguments:
Quote: (03-09-2019 02:58 PM)eradicator Wrote:
From Yang's website
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How would we pay for Universal Basic Income?
It would be easier than you might think. Andrew proposes funding UBI by consolidating some welfare programs and implementing a Value-Added Tax (VAT) of 10%. Current welfare and social program beneficiaries would be given a choice between their current benefits or $1,000 cash unconditionally – most would prefer cash with no restriction.
A Value-Added Tax (VAT) is a tax on the production of goods or services a business produces. It is a fair tax and it makes it much harder for large corporations, who are experts at hiding profits and income, to avoid paying their fair share. A VAT is nothing new. 160 out of 193 countries in the world already have a Value-Added Tax or something similar, including all of Europe which has an average VAT of 20 percent. ...
Ah yes, the VAT, the tax that supposedly makes everything nice and fair for everyone. Small sidebar: when "160 out of 193" countries in the world have a VAT, and nobody's managed to achieve Wakanda/Zamunda civilisation with it, that's a pretty potent signifier that most of the world has got it wrong.
First thing is that the VAT doesn't apply to all goods and services, which immediately locks it out of being "fair" by way of being equal treatment on rich and poor. In Australia, we call the VAT a GST - a goods and services tax - and amongst the "fair" goods/services that are
exempted from it are these:
- Any business with less than a $50K turnover per year is outright exempt (otherwise the streetside lemonade stand has to charge it.)
- most basic food
some education courses, course materials and related excursions or field trips
some medical, health and care services
some menstrual products (from 1 January 2019)
some medical aids and appliances
some medicines
some childcare services
some religious services and charitable activities
supplies of accommodation and meals to residents of retirement villages by certain operators
cars for disabled people to use, as long as certain requirements are met
water, sewerage and drainage
international transport and related matters
precious metals
sales through duty-free shops
grants of land by government
farmland
international mail
exports
sales of businesses as going concerns
some telecommunications supplies
eligible emissions units
That is, leftists carve out big exceptions to it for the wimminz or for muh ruhnewuhbles, and the rightists carve out all the fun stuff like travelling overseas, farmland, exports and other similars. That is, the rich get big exceptions which likely allow them to pay the GST on everything else they need. And since basic food isn't taxed, not everyone in Australia has to pay the GST at all.
Secondly, the assertion that "it's fair because it's 10% on all the goods and services you consume" is also shite, because as your income gets lower, a 10% increase in your costs is far more of an impost than it is when you're a rich man. The middle-class guy having to travel
interstate for a vital medical operation has to pay another 10% on his airfares. And likely 10% on the hospital stay, because it's just the medicine that's discounted - not the services of the doctors. The upper-class guy, who can afford an operation overseas at Johns Hopkins or whatnot, saves 10% on his airfares because international transport is exempted, and he doesn't have to pay a cent extra on the operation overseas.
It's easier to accept a 10% increase on your luxuries than a 10% increase on your basic needs. Who feels a 10% increase in your internet account price harder, the rich guy who earn 10 million a year or the poor guy who has to have an internet account to have a chance of staying connected to the world?
"It's harder for corporations to hide their income and expenses?" This is irrelevant and attempting to generate class envy. A GST is a tax on the customers of the corporation: the corporation's just increases their prices by 10% to cover the GST and suffer no decrease in income or expenses -- and not the slightest effect on the shareholders or owners, because share dividends and whatnot are
wealth items, not goods or services. And it doesn't help with competition, since everyone in the country pays the same 10% on top. If anything it forces business overseas, where the GST does not have to be paid.
Let's move onto the four sources of the UBI:
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The means to pay for a Universal Basic Income will come from 4 sources:
1. Current spending. We currently spend between $500 and $600 billion a year on welfare programs, food stamps, disability and the like. This reduces the cost of Universal Basic Income because people already receiving benefits would have a choice but would be ineligible to receive the full $1,000 in addition to current benefits.
This argument is basically that apparently we spend well above the cost of a UBI to administer all of these welfare benefit schemes, so a UBI therefore means a net decrease in costs.
Too bad that this argument is wrong, because it misses the fact those schemes are not being paid to everyone in the US. At its highest, there's only ever been 47 million people on food stamps in the US at a time. That's maybe 25% of the US population. You still need a bureaucracy to pay the UBI to everyone, which means the cost of administering a UBI is necessarily at least four times that of the food stamps. And that's on top of the fact that, for those food stamp recipients alone, their costs rise by a factor of half or more - because you're already paying them money.
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2. A VAT. Our economy is now incredibly vast at $19 trillion, up $4 trillion in the last 10 years alone. A VAT at half the European level would generate $800 billion in new revenue. A VAT will become more and more important as technology improves because you cannot collect income tax from robots or software.
Leaving aside what I've already indicated, this too is vastly overstated, because in return for slapping a VAT on everything in existence, there will be a demand to withdraw or reduce current taxes: sales tax, transaction taxes, you name it. Across the world -- which includes the 160 countries already with a VAT -- it's been demonstrated that the Laffer Curve applies: no matter the taxation scheme, you never get more than about 20% of a nation's GDP in taxation.
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3. New revenue. Putting money into the hands of American consumers would grow the economy. The Roosevelt Institute projected that the economy would grow by approximately $2.5 trillion and create 4.6 million new jobs. This would generate approximately $500 – 600 billion in new revenue from economic growth and activity.
You can find the Roosevelt Institute's paper
here.
You can find the reasons why that paper is full of shit
here.
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4. We currently spend over one trillion dollars on health care, incarceration, homelessness services and the like. We would save $100 – 200 billion as people would take better care of themselves and avoid the emergency room, jail, and the street and would generally be more functional. Universal Basic Income would pay for itself by helping people avoid our institutions, which is when our costs shoot up. Some studies have shown that $1 to a poor parent will result in as much as $7 in cost-savings and economic growth.
The problem with this asshattery can be explained by asking one thing:
Give a junkie $1,000 in extra money per month and what is the
most likely thing he'll do?
The assertion that you get a 7-to-1 return giving money to poor parents is disproven by the current state of the welfare system. It is true that money spent
on early intervention is a strong cost-saver as opposed to
rehabilitation, but the fact is this is a proposal to just throw money at people, which is nowhere near the same thing.
Let's leave aside that, for any number of people, that $1,000 at best is going up as collateral on loans from large banks. Draw your own conclusions from what would happen there.