Quote: (08-01-2014 06:09 PM)scorpion Wrote:
Free trade is literally a complete and utter economic scam. There has never been an economy that has become fully developed with free trade rules in place. There simply has to be some protectionist elements in place in order for domestic industries to escape the infancy stage without being crushed by foreign competition. Every great economy started out heavily protected, including the United States. Free trade is pushed heavily today for two simple reasons: 1) It provides substantial short term growth prospects for large corporations, 2) It allows developed economies to exploit poor countries for their resources and cheap labor. The only winners from free trade are people at the top. Working people in rich and poor countries end up screwed - workers in the developed economies lose their jobs, and workers in poor countries labor in terrible conditions for pennies on the dollar. International corporations end up controlling the production in most third world countries, meaning those countries are never able to develop their own economies. This is all exacerbated by "development" loans from the IMF and World Bank, which result in these countries getting into massive debt and being forced to sell off their resources and production ownership to foreigners.
The premise of free trade is the Ricardo concept of comparative advantage, which says that if Canada is better at producing X than the US and the US is better at producing Y than Canada, then Canada should concentrate on producing X and the US on Y and they should just trade with each other. In theory that is fine. In the real world, it's easy for the production apparatus to move around such that the US or Canada is better at producing both X and Y. This sort of ease of movement has basically existed since the Industrial Revolution, and therefore the neat concept of comparative advantage has never really played out. That does
not invalidate the idea as a whole or render it a 'scam,' it merely changes the nature of the discussion slightly.
The fact that it is possible for capital/factors of production to move around so easily does mean that it is possible for domestic workers to lose out at the expense of foreign workers. There are two responses the domestic economy can make to that development:
1. Increase the incentives for the capital to return home
2. Protectionism
The fact that the protectionist route is so prevalent in history is not because of its superiority from a pure economic standpoint, but because of its superiority from a political expedience standpoint. It's much easier to tell constituents that they're going to keep their jobs than say that for the time being some far away land offers a better deal and that's how it goes. Protectionism isn't costless -tariffs and other barriers to entry just means that the final goods that now emboldened domestic industry produces cost more than they would otherwise. All consumers of that product are thus made poorer.
The real problem here, if you can call it a problem, is that some other country provides better (less costly) conditions for production than your own. In that scenario, the country is faced with the immediate choice of paying for that lack of competitiveness up front via a loss of domestic jobs, or on the back end via an artificially high cost of goods. if you want to be consistent with a pro protectionism stance, you have to then apply it everywhere. For example, you'd have to be in favor of the government imposing a extra 20 or 30% 'competitiveness' markup on Microsoft Windows in order to 'protect' a company with a less popular or effective operating system. I'm sure you see how that is ridiculous, but protectionism is in the same vein. The real solution is regaining competitiveness.
With respect to the last 50 years of US companies offshoring, the idea that it's because of a recent resurgence in free trade/globalization ideology is off the mark. These factors have existed for centuries. The same companies that are outsourcing now had no issues producing in the US AND paying the highest wages in the world. What changed was the increase in the size of government which required more taxes and a constantly increasing cost of production in the form of higher prices for goods, increased regulations, increased compliance costs and the near infinite ways one can be sued. All of these things has made it less and less sensible to produce on shore, so the rational move is to go offshore. Staying onshore just means either a further loss in profitability, or a further increase in end consumer prices, neither of which are a good thing. Get rid of the impediments to production and the offshoring will stop, it's that simple. Once someone has the stones to put political expedience on the back burner things will change in that regard. I'm not holding my breath.
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Anyone who thinks "the economy" is more important than the health of the nation is foolish and shortsighted, especially since "the economy" is always measured in things like GDP, corporate profits and stock prices, rather than on median annual income, quality of living and inflation. If a country is going to be anything more than a place to make money, then absolutely must make preserving its domestic economic production the cornerstone of its long term economic policy. This has absolutely nothing to do with socialism, it's simply a recognition that nations have an interest in preserving the health of their economies.
I agree with this fully. However, we have an economic ideology in place that places inflation at the foundation of the drive to economic production. The constant inflation only can exceed in boosting metrics such as GDP, and stock prices and profits in the short term. The long term consequences aren't discussed, and almost always reverse the 'gains' made by inflation in the short run. Until you get rid of the inflation loving nature of policy the issues you worry about will continue, including the tendency to offshore.